
Both endocrine and paracrine factors participate in controlling the expression of MMPs involved in menstrual breakdown of the human endometrium. Several genes encoding MMPs and cytokines show maximal endometrial mRNA concentrations around menstruation. However, their expression profiles substantially diverge during the other phases of the cycle, indicating a differential response to the ovarians steroids, estradiol and progesterone. Moreover, menstrual breakdown is limited to the superficial part of the endometrium, further suggesting the contribution of local regulators that integrate overall hormonal impregnation with local environmental changes. Current projects aim at deciphering the control and mechanisms of action of known local regulators (such as interleukin-1 alpha or TGF-beta) on MMP expression and identifying new actors of the molecular network responsible for the control of endometrial remodelling.